Samuel Galloway III (1720 – 1785) was a planter, merchant and slave trader in colonial Anne Arundel County, Maryland.

[7]Following in the footsteps of his father and uncles, Galloway established himself in business as a merchant, importing products from Europe to the colonies on his fleet of ships.

[10][11][12] Galloway began to build his reputation as a trader by importing indentured servants and expelled convicts from England.

[13] Alongside his partner Thomas Ringgold, who was based in Chestertown on the Eastern shore, they would become the state's biggest traders in slaves of their time, commanding both sides of the Chesapeake Bay.

[13] In the advertisements for their sale, Ringgold and Galloway assured prospective buyers that the slaves were "healthy" and obedient, despite their perilous journey.

Galloway was an early member of the Maryland Jockey Club,[31] and owned Selim, who would become a champion racehorse and prominent sire of American thoroughbreds.

[32] Selim was born in Maryland in 1759, the grandson of Alcock's Arabian, and direct descendant of Selima, Benjamin Tasker, Jr.'s champion mare.

[35] In 1766, Selim was the victor in a match-race against a Virginia-bred horse, Yorick, in Chestertown, winning a princely sum of 100 pistoles.

[37] Galloway was said to have used Selim's stud services to strengthen political and business relationships to other prominent leaders of the day.

[41] Galloway's eldest son John would inherit the majority of his property after his death, including his estate Tulip Hill.

[1][42] Galloway's mercantile business, including his trade in indentured servants, convicts and slaves from the West Indies, continued in the hands of his heirs, notably with his son in law, James Cheston.