Samuel Wheeler Moulton (January 20, 1821 – June 3, 1905) was an educator, university trustee, attorney, state legislator, and U.S. Representative from Illinois.

After completing his primary and secondary education, he moved to Kentucky, where he taught school for several years, and then to Mississippi where he continued to teach.

[2] In that same year in Yazoo City, he cast his first vote for president for the Whig candidate James Knox Polk.

Mrs. Moulton's parents had moved north to Illinois eight years prior, and this was likely an influence for them to start their young lives in the Prairie State.

With Circuit Judge, future United States Senator, and future United States Supreme Court Justice David Davis hearing the case, a jury was empaneled, and Hardy was found guilty of slander and fined $50.00, with an additional $9.85 for court costs.

[7] Although not widely documented, Moulton served during the Civil War in the United States Army Provost Marshal General as the enrollment commissioner for the 10th District of Illinois, at Shelbyville.

Lincoln wrote that he had been "strongly urged on the ground of persistent disobedience of orders and neglect of duty" to remove Moulton from his position.

A Lincoln"[8] Moulton responded to his old friend, the President, "Your very kind favor of the 31st Ultimo was missent & was not received until to day ...

Of note, during the Thirty-ninth Congress, Moulton and fellow Shelbyville attorney Anthony Thornton served as contemporaries in the same chamber.

Given that the population of Shelby County had only reached 25,476 residents by 1870,[10] having two of the State's 14 members of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1865 to 1867 was quite impressive.

[11] Moulton, highly regarded by many in the Illinois Republican establishment, had his name entered into nomination for another congressional term at the state convention, but "after a meeting of the delegates, and comparison of views had taken place, it was ascertained that the best interests of the party required General Logan.

Mr. Moulton cheerfully declined being a candidate, and extended General Logan a warm and enthusiastic support.

"[12] Moulton and Logan were both former Democrats who turned Republican at the outbreak of the war and both served together in the Illinois House of Representatives in the 1850s.

Moulton ran for Governor of Illinois in 1868, "but having no war record, he was shelved by the military element in the convention.

The Moulton home, an Italianate mansion built in 1875, is located at 607 South Broadway Street in Shelbyville and is part of the Lincoln Memorial History Tour.