The church was built under Pope Pius X, with construction (under the architect Tullio Passarelli) commencing in 1906[1] and the first stone being laid by Cardinal Antonio Agliardi.

It was consecrated and made a parochial church in 1910, granted to the Chierici Regolari Ministri degli Infermi, the Priest Ministers of the Sick, the order founded by Camillus.

[1] In 1965, Pope Paul VI elevated the church to the status of minor basilica and it became the seat of the cardinal's title of S. Camilli de Lellis ad Hortus Sallustianos.

In a niche by the high altar is a statue of Saint Camillus by Alberto Galli, made in 1911.

[3] Media related to San Camillo de Lellis (Rome) at Wikimedia Commons