Located 80 km west of Encarnación, it is close to places like Ayolas, General Artigas or Isla Apipé, in Southern Paraguay and Northern Argentina, along the Paraná River, at the Argentina–Paraguay border.

Although rudimentary in nature, these devices were completely functional and accurate and allowed Father Suárez to make many observations.

He sent his observations of eclipses, satellites of Jupiter, and the rings of Saturn to European scientists who were intrigued by astronomical data from the Southern Hemisphere.

[4] Father Suárez's work culminated in the publication of his book Lunario de un Siglo (English: Lunar Centenar) in 1743.

This book predicted with great accuracy the eclipses that would occur in this time period and also contained geographical data of 70 cities.

[3][5] Other priests who played an important role in the development of San Cosme y Damián include Fathers Adolfo Scal, Johan Gilde, Unger and Taddaeus Enis.

The agricultural output largely includes cotton, maize, cassava, rice, bean, soybean and sugarcane and most of the livestock is bovine, chicken and pig.

Like many rural communities, the district suffers from brain drain as many of the youth will leave to study or work in nearby Argentina or more urban areas of Paraguay like Asunción, Encarnación and Ciudad del Este.