San Ildefonso Pueblo (Tewa: Pʼohwhogeh Ówîngeh [p’òhxʷógè ʔówîŋgè] "where the water cuts through"[5][6]), also known as the Turquoise Clan,[7] is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States, and a federally recognized tribe, established c. 1300 AD.

The Pueblo was established around 1300 AD[14] and founded by people who had migrated from the Mesa Verde complex in Southern Colorado, by way of Bandelier (elevation about 7000 feet), just south of present-day Los Alamos, New Mexico.

People thrived at Bandelier due to the rainfall and the ease of constructing living structures from the surrounding soft volcanic rock.

But after a prolonged drought, the people moved down into the valleys of the Rio Grande around 1300 AD (Pueblo IV Era).

[14] Part of their lands were restored to San Ildefonso by a 1786 decision of Governor Juan Bautista de Anza.

[15] The people of San Ildefonso continued to lead an agricultural based economy until the early 20th century when Maria Martinez and her husband Julian Martinez rediscovered how to make the Black-on-Black pottery for which San Ildefonso Pueblo would soon become famous.

[16] The pueblo has experienced political controversy in recent years with significant appeals to the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Governor Paul D. Rainbird was sentenced to 33 months on federal charges of illegal trafficking in contraband cigarettes.

[25] The people of San Ildefonso have a strong sense of identity and retain ancient ceremonies and rituals tenaciously, as well as tribal dances.

[5] While many of these ceremonies and rituals are closely guarded, San Ildefonso Feast Day is open to the public every January 23.