Saint Jerome the Royal (in Spanish San Jerónimo el Real) is a Roman Catholic church from the early 16th-century in central Madrid (Spain).

The church, which has undergone numerous remodelings and restorations over the centuries is the remaining structure of the Hieronymite monastery that once stood beside the royal palace of Buen Retiro, of which a portion now serves as the Prado museum.

When King Philip II moved the Spanish court to Madrid in 1561, he had his retreat enlarged to become the Palacio del Buen Retiro.

The first major restoration was carried out during the reign of Isabel II of Spain, between 1848 and 1859, by the architect Narciso Pascual Colomer,[1] in the Isabelline Gothic style, who added some new elements, such as towers.

The stairway that faces the street, was constructed in 1906 on the occasion of the wedding of King Alfonso XIII to provide more impressive access to the church.