[5] Since Argentina's return to democratic rule in 1983, in particular, the Rodríguez Saá family (of Peronist affiliation) has occupied the governor's seat.

Former governor (now Senator) Adolfo Rodríguez Saá has overseen investment by light manufacturers (mostly food processors and bottling plants) and advances like the construction of Argentina's most extensive expressway network.

[6] Since 2023, Claudio Poggi has been the governor of San Luis Province, a position he previously held from 2011 to 2015.

Its 2006 output, estimated at US$3.386 billion, yielded a per capita income of US$9,203 (somewhat above the national average).

[8] Historical evolution of the population of the province: The provincial government is divided into three branches: the executive, headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoints the cabinet; the legislative; and the judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court.