Sanitary engineering
This was accomplished mainly by the collection and segregation of sewerage flow in London specifically, and Great Britain generally.
Areas outside the purview of sanitary engineering include aesthetic concerns such as landscaping, and environmental conservation as it pertains to plants and animals.
In some cases, considerations that fall within the field of social sciences and urban planning must be factored in as well.
Although sanitary engineering may be most associated with the design of sewers, sewage treatment and wastewater treatment facilities, recycling centers, public landfills and other things which are constructed, the term applies equally to a plan of action to reverse the effects of water pollution or soil contamination in a specific area.
Irrigation systems were invented five to seven thousand years ago as a means of supplying water to agriculture-based societies.
[4] Diseases such as smallpox, diphtheria, measles, scarlet fever, typhus, cholera, and typhoid were spread via the contaminated water supply.
The average cost of home water and sanitation systems start at $50 a month, when many citizens don't make enough money to use on non-necessities.
Today, wastewater engineers also work on the collection of clean water for drinking, chemically treating it, and using UV light to kill off micro-organisms.
Prior to modern forms of sanitation in neighborhoods and cities, people would simply leave their trash on the street.
Citizens of these towns feared that their city's poor sewage systems would cause outbreaks in illnesses, like poliomyelitis, cholera, and hepatitis, to name a few.
Formal education for wastewater engineers begins in high school with students taking classes such as chemistry, biology, physics, and higher mathematics including calculus.
To be eligible for renewal, certified operators must complete a specified number of continuing education hours after the previous issuance of a certificate.
They are required to perform tasks and demonstrate knowledge in design, mathematics, English, construction, physics, chemistry, biology, management, and personnel.
Wastewater engineers must have skills in complex problem solving, critical thinking, mathematics, active listening, judgement, reading comprehension, speaking, writing, science, and system analysis.
They may perform water flow analysis, then select designs and equipment based on government and industry standards.
Others cover a broader scope of activities that might include maintenance of the public water supply, collection of residential yard waste program, disposal of hazardous waste, recycling strategies and even community programs where individuals or businesses "adopt" an area and either maintain it themselves or donate funds for doing so.
[citation needed] Wastewater engineers work for private companies, state and local governments, and special districts.
Sanitary engineers need to leverage these technologies to enhance the performance and reliability of sanitation infrastructure.
[22] Impacts of climate change on sanitary engineering vary based on region and the sanitation solutions employed there.
Physical stress from climate change-related conditions such as extreme rainfall or drought increases the rate of pipe corrosion, adding to facility cost.
