Santa María Peñoles is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico.

The municipality covers an area of 181.17 km².

It is part of the Etla District in the Valles Centrales region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 7,640 of whom 6,112 spoke an indigenous language.

This article about a location in the Mexican state of Oaxaca is a stub.