Saturnia is a genus of large silkmoths in the family Saturniidae, which the German biologist Franz von Paula Schrank first described in 1802.

Its members are commonly named emperor moths, though this is also used for various close relatives in subfamily Saturniinae.

Most species are Palearctic, but three, commonly called "saturnia moths", inhabit the chaparral of California: S. mendocino, S. walterorum, and S. albofasciata.

The known species of Saturnia are:[1] Formerly placed here was the Brazilian Arsenura pandora.

Whether the autumn emperor moth (Perisomena caecigena), here separated in a monotypic genus, is not actually better included in Saturnia needs to be determined; the same goes for the genus Neoris.