The Scalopinae are the only Talpidae subfamily to consist entirely of undisputed moles and no mole-like close relatives such as shrew-moles or desmans.

Despite this subfamily being referred to as "New World moles", there are also two species in the mountains of China, each in their own monotypic genus.

Morphological and paleontological analyses indicate that both tribes in the subfamily originated in Eurasia during the Oligocene and migrated to North America during the Neogene, with the Condylurini later going extinct throughout their Eurasian range.

The Scalopini also migrated at least two different times from North America back to Eurasia, with the two Chinese species likely originating from this.

[1][2][3][4] In addition, phylogenetic and morphological evidence supports the Condylurini not belonging in the Scalopinae, and occupying a much more basal position in Talpidae.