Some flint artifacts (scrapers, hatchets) from the Neolithic period (around 4300–2300 BC) are the oldest traces in today's municipal area.

In any case, it was located on a ford of the Eider, which was important for north–south traffic across the Jutian peninsula (Bernsteinweg / Ochsenweg).

The battlefield was located around the northern municipal boundary, where an Eider ferry ran until the Kiel Canal was built.

The next written records about Schülp only come back from the 15th century: In a complaint in 1447, Count Adolf VIII mentioned the attacks by the Dithmarschers in the Holstein area.

The village was subordinate to the Rendsburg district in 1580, which at that time belonged to the royal Danish part of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.