Scheuern Foundation

The Scheuern Foundation supports these groups of people with a wide range of services, from individual forms of housing, education, and training to jobs in sheltered workshops and in local companies.

It has approximately 1200 employees and is a member of both Diakonie Hessen and the Bundesverband Evangelische Behindertenhilfe (BeB) (Federal Association of Protestant Disability Assistance).

In Hillscheid the foundation manages a CAP market offering job opportunities subject to social security contributions for six people with different disabilities, amongst others.

The procedure for designing care for people with disabilities (GBM) (Gestaltung der Betreuung von Menschen mit Behinderung) is used for quality assurance.

To seek assistance, the association's board approached Johann Hinrich Wichern who dispatched Moritz Desiderius Horny, one of his most experienced employees, to Scheuern.

With the provincial governor assuming the costs of accommodating disabled family members, the homes' economic basis strengthened, making them less reliant on donations.

[12] The years of World War I, from 1914 to 1918, posed significant challenges as public subsidies decreased while food costs rose sharply.

Despite securing loans, the institution's survival was threatened, and malnutrition prevailed among residents which led to a significant increase in mortality rates.

[13] In 1937, Governor Wilhelm Traupel, Chairman of the Provincial Welfare Association, laid claim to the leadership of all institutions in which people were accommodated at the expense of his authority.

This shift in leadership was marked by the board of directors' decision to ignore the directives of the Central Committee and independently modify the statutes.

Todt justified the decision by highlighting its financial implications, the possibility of job loss, and the potential harm to residents caused by uprooting.

[13] It is assumed that Todt, who joined the National Socialist German Workers' Party in the same year, may have anticipated that this alteration would grant him more autonomy.

This measure prevented similar takeovers at the Hephata institutions in Treysa and Nieder-Ramstadt, despite the significant economic losses due to the withdrawal of the state-housed patients.

[14] Even prior to the National Socialists taking power and implementing the Gesetz zur Verhütung erbkranken Nachwuchses (GzVeN) (Law for the Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases), doctors at religious institutions had already called for legislation permitting the sterilization of specific disabled individuals.

[15][16] "How joyfully we, who have been working for 83 years on the weak-minded and epileptic children of men according to the commission of our Savior, welcomed the racial care measures of our leader, which are to fight the evils from the roots [...] We therefore welcome the law on sterilization, i.e. infertility for the purpose of preventing hereditary diseases, the foundations of which we were allowed to help build with our experience [...] Even if the success of these measures will only have an effect in generations to come, we thank the Führer from the depths of our knowledge that he is sowing seeds of hope with his laws, from which a healthy, great German people may grow.

Three hospitals were primarily responsible for the sterilizations: the Henrietten-Theresien-Foundation in Nassau, the Deaconess home in Bad Ems, and the State sanatorium in Herborn.

This man was one of those who had managed to escape the initial transport on March 18, 1941, and his death marked the last fatality in the Scheuern institution during the National Socialist era.

In the mid-1940s, the Scheuern institution received selection forms to document the inmates, which were later forwarded to the Reich Committee for the Scientific Registration of Serious Hereditary and Congenital Conditions.

[23] On 24 August 1941, Adolf Hitler gave verbal instructions to end Action T-4 and to stop adult euthanasia in the six killing centers.

[26] Director Todt attempted to save long-term residents from deportation by hiding them in the institution or placing them with farmers who needed their labor during harvest time.

However, it is noteworthy that fewer fatalities occurred in Scheuern, compared to other equivalently sized institutions designated as intermediate facilities at Hadamar.

During the 1960s and 1970s, legal innovations were implemented in the Federal Republic of Germany, which affected living and working conditions in residential care facilities.

[34] In the 1970s, the institution's profile changed again, as a nationwide system of special schools was established in Rhineland-Palatinate, resulting in a significant decline in applications from children and young people with learning disabilities.

[35] The Scheuern Homes took longer than most state or diaconal institutions to acknowledge their National Socialist past and establish remembrance practices.

[36] Researchers even considered them to be particularly secretive about their history, as highlighted in statements by Ute Daub and Ernst Klee during an October 25, 1995, symposium at the Hessian State Parliament.

[40] The discovery of Karl Todt's trial files in 1997 prompted further educational efforts, including interviews with surviving residents, archiving documents, establishing an exhibition, and deciding to erect a memorial for euthanasia victims by the institution's 150th anniversary in 1999.

It bears the inscription "More than 1000 people were transferred by the National Socialists between 1941 and 1945 from the Scheuern state institution, which had been converted into an intermediate care facility, to other 'sanatoriums' and murdered there.

[43] In light of Karl Todt's controversial role during the Nazi era, his involvement in the events in Scheuern, and his support of forced sterilization, the Foundation's Board of Directors made the decision to revert the Karl Todt House to its original name, Haus Lahnberg, on January 27, 2012 - the Day of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism.

[44] The Scheuern Homes addressed and resolved a case of sexual abuse involving a pastor in 2002, leading to imprisonment following full confession and subsequent ecclesiastical disciplinary proceedings.

[47] In August 2012, Inklusa GmbH, a subsidiary of the Scheuern Foundation, established a CAP supermarket in Hillscheid, providing employment opportunities subject to social security contributions for six individuals with diverse disabilities.

The Wichernhaus of the Scheuern Foundation
Overview of the Scheuern Foundation’s central facilities
The Alte Haus is the dominant core building of the complex
One can get an overview by looking at Nassau Castle to the north
Langenau Castle, which served as a rescue center from 1851 to 1855, as it appears today
The small castle ( Schlösschen ) was the original building of today's Scheuern Foundation
In the picture from 1905, the Scheuern Homes can be seen in the left part of the picture. It is clearly noticeable that some parts of the system have not yet been built. Nassau Castle on the mountain.
Gekrat bus
Memorial for the euthanasia victims of the Scheuern Foundation
Memorial for the 129 victims who died in the Scheuern Homes and are buried in the local cemetery