The line was founded by the partitioned-off duke Philip of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1584–1663).
The line was named after Glücksburg Castle, where he had his headquarters.
Members of this line bore the title of Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.
However, they had limited powers in ruling their territory, since it was not an estate of the Realm, but a fief of the Duchy of Holstein-Gottorp.
Later, the family gave up these rights altogether and continued as titular dukes.