[4] Known for its German culture, Schulenburg is home of the Texas Polka Music Museum.

The town of Schulenburg developed from two nearby communities: Lyons, founded in 1842, and High Hill, settled in 1842 and later named in 1858.

Many of the early settlers to Schulenburg and the surrounding area were immigrants of German, Austrian, and Czech descent, who came after the revolutions of 1848 in Europe.

[8] Schulenburg is located in southern Fayette County on high ground 2 miles (3 km) east of the Navidad River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Schulenburg has a total area of 2.5 square miles (6.5 km2), all land.

[4] As of the 2020 United States census, 2,633 people, 964 households, and 600 families resided in the city.

St. Rose of Lima Catholic School (prekindergarten through grade 8) operates under the guidance of the Diocese of Victoria.

The two US routes form the central intersection of the street, and I-10 flows just north of the city center.