Schwarzenberg am Böhmerwald is a municipality in the district of Rohrbach in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

First mentioned in 1571, the Schwarznperg estates were held by the Bavarian Prince-Bishops of Passau since medieval times.

The remote area near the border with the Kingdom of Bohemia from 1638 was the site of a forest glasshouse, which became a possession of Schlägl Abbey in 1719.

Under the rule of Empress Maria Theresa, in 1765, Schwarzenberg finally passed to the Upper Austrian crown land of the Habsburg monarchy.

The local parish was established according to a 1784 patent issued by Emperor Joseph II.