[4] Ukraine’s legal framework was substantially modified in late 2015 with the adoption of new laws reinforcing institutional support for the national innovation system.
The Law on Scientific and Technical Activities (2015) places the National Council for Science and Technology Development under the control of the Cabinet of Ministers.
Additionally, public research institutions now have the legal right to co-found commercial companies and to take part in the formation of their share capital.
However, the effective implementation of legislative acts remains the Achilles’ heel of Ukraine’s science and innovation policy.
[6] Science and technology were also used to defend against the 2022 Russian invasion such as with military technology, to document and communicate war events including war crimes,[7][8][9] to provide and receive aid via telehealth,[10] and for aggregated information about support opportunities for Ukrainian scientists.