It was released on November 12, 2021, by JYP Entertainment and Republic Records as the second single of the group's third Korean and overall sixth studio album, Formula of Love: O+T=<3 (2021).
[4] "Scientist" has its lyrics written by Sim Eun-jee and music composed by Anne-Marie, Melanie Fontana, Michel "Lindgren" Schulz, Tommy Brown, Steven Franks, and 72.
[7] Bailey Kanthatham of the New University acknowledged the song's "innocent approach to love", contrasting it with Twice's most recent singles, "Alcohol-Free", "Perfect World", and "The Feels".
Directed and produced by Rima Yoon and Dongju Jang of Rigend Film[14] – who previously worked with Twice on Formula of Love: O+T=<3's album trailer[15] and "Alcohol-Free"'s music video[16] – the music video is primarily set in a laboratory where the members of Twice are depicted as scientists researching about love.
[23] In the United States, the group appeared on the MTV news show Fresh Out Live on November 13 with a performance of "Scientist".