Scottish Rail Holdings is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government[3] which operates the ScotRail and Caledonian Sleeper rail services.

On 1 April 2022 ScotRail, the company which operates the majority of rail services in Scotland, was brought under the public ownership of Scottish Rail Holdings beginning at the conclusion of the Abellio ScotRail franchise.

[4] On 25 June 2023, the agency took over operation of the Caledonian Sleeper service from Serco.

[5][6][7] As operator of last resort, Scottish Rail Holdings exists to provide a degree of separation between the day-to-day operation of Scottish train services, and the strategic and policy functions of Transport Scotland.

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