The Representation of the People (Scotland) Act 1868 redefined the boundaries of Scottish constituencies of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (at Westminster), and the new boundaries were first used in the 1868 general election.
For the same general election, boundaries in England were redefined by the Representation of the People Act 1867 and there was, effectively, a transfer of seven parliamentary seats from England to Scotland.
Except for Edinburgh, Dundee and Glasgow, each Scottish constituency represented a seat for one Member of Parliament (MP).
The constituencies related nominally to counties and burghs, but boundaries for parliamentary purposes were not necessarily those for other purposes.
For the 1885 general election, new boundaries were defined by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.