Doctoral students attending the Scuola - some of whom are awarded full funding in the form of a borsa or scholarship on entry - have been drawn mainly from Italy and occasionally from San Marino itself; but a very substantial minority have come from other countries all over the world.
Among others, the Scuola has hosted, mostly on a regular basis, Giuseppe Alberigo, Etienne Balibar, Remo Bodei, Lucio Gambi [it], Jacques Le Goff, Jacques Revel, Ruggiero Romano [it], Nicola Tranfaglia, Valerio Castronovo [it], Umberto Eco, Andrea Giardina [it], Eric Hobsbawm, Michael Crawford, Michel Korinman, Charles S. Maier, Giacomo Marramao, Nicola Matteucci [it], Anthony Molho, Wolfgang Mommsen, Romano Prodi, Adriano Prosperi [it], Ezio Raimondi [it], Paolo Rossi, Silvia Ronchey, Corrado Vivanti [it], Brigitte Mondrain, Pier Paolo Portinaro [it], Nicola Labanca, Pierre Lévêque, Évelyne Patlagean, Chiara Frugoni, Eva Cantarella, Carlo Ginzburg, Ivano Dionigi, Carlo Ossola, Salvo Mastellone, Aldo Agosti [it], Marco Revelli [it], Pietro Scoppola, Alberto Burgio [it], Enzo Collotti, Armando Petrucci [it], Domenico Losurdo, Ramón Teja Casuso, Santiago Montero Herrero, Paolo Luigi Branca, André Vauchez, Tullio Gregory, Angelo Panebianco [it], Giovanna Daverio Rocchi, Giovanni Levi, Franco Farinelli [it], Giuliana Gemelli, Furio Diaz [it], Giuseppe Nenci [it], Alain Boureau [fr], Michel Sot [fr], Raimondo Luraghi [it] and Robert Nation.
Among those who have studied and received their doctorates at the Scuola the following have attained eminence in their fields: Jan Krzysztof Olendzki, formerly (2006-7) Polish minister of culture and since 2008 Poland's ambassador to Tunisia; French historian of ideas and social commentator Marie Judith Revel; Italian historian of the French Revolution and of the myth of Padre Pio, Sergio Luzzatto; Michele Chiaruzzi, Ambassador of San Marino in Sarajevo; Nicola Renzi, former Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of San Marino; Antonio Natalicchio, former mayor of Giovinazzo in Apulia, Italy; Roberto Gualtieri, Mayor of Rome, former Minister of Economy and Finances of Italy, and former Chair of the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee of the European Parliament, Marie Favereau, French historian and writer.
On February 27, 2009, the twentieth anniversary from the Scuola foundation was celebrated in the presence of the Eccellentissimi Capitani Reggenti della Repubblica di San Marino (The Captains Regent).
The celebration was presided over by Luciano Canfora and included three lectures by Maurice Aymard on 'I territori e i tempi della storia oggi', Giuseppe Galasso on 'Storicismo e identità europea' and Adriano Prosperi on 'L'età del disciplinamento: un bilancio'.
On 5 July 2009, one of the most influential columnists on the Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera, historian, and former Italian ambassador to Moscow, Sergio Romano, wrote an article in praise of the University of San Marino and specifically describing the Scuola as "una eccellente scuola di alti studi frequentata da ottimi studiosi" ("an outstanding school of advanced studies attended by excellent scholars").