[1][2][4] Symptoms commonly include nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, headache, dizziness, tiredness, loss of appetite, and increased salivation.

[10] Symptoms commonly include nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, headache, dizziness, tiredness, loss of appetite, and increased salivation.

[2][5] Occasionally, tiredness can last for hours to days after an episode of motion sickness, known as "sopite syndrome".

[citation needed] A specific form of terrestrial motion sickness, being carsick is quite common and evidenced by disorientation while reading a map, a book, or a small screen during travel.

Another suggests the eyes mostly see the interior of the car which is motionless while the vestibular system of the inner ear senses motion as the vehicle goes around corners or over hills and even small bumps.

In the early 20th century, Austro-Hungarian scientist Róbert Bárány observed the back and forth movement of the eyes of railroad passengers as they looked out the side windows at the scenery whipping by.

[citation needed] Seasickness is a form of terrestrial motion sickness characterized by a feeling of nausea and, in extreme cases, vertigo experienced after spending time on a boat.

Rotating devices such as centrifuges used in astronaut training and amusement park rides such as the Rotor, Mission: Space and the Gravitron can cause motion sickness in many people.

[citation needed] Usually, VR programs would detect the motion of the user's head and adjust the rotation of vision to avoid dizziness.

This causes unpleasant disorientation sensations often quite distinct from terrestrial motion sickness, but with similar symptoms.

For the sake of novelty, IMAX and other panoramic type theaters often show dramatic motions such as flying over a landscape or riding a roller coaster.

In regular-format theaters, an example of a movie that caused motion sickness in many people is The Blair Witch Project.

Blair Witch was filmed with a handheld camcorder, which was subjected to considerably more motion than the average movie camera,[18] and lacks the stabilization mechanisms of steadicams.

Home movies, often filmed with a cell phone camera, also tend to cause motion sickness in those who view them.

[19] In virtual reality the effect is made more acute as all external reference points are blocked from vision, the simulated images are three-dimensional and in some cases stereo sound that may also give a sense of motion.

[26] The area postrema in the brain is responsible for inducing vomiting when poisons are detected, and for resolving conflicts between vision and balance.

There are three critical aspects to the theory: first is the close linkage between activity in the vestibular system, i.e., semicircular canals and otolith organs, and a change in tonus among various of each eye's six extra-ocular muscles.

Finally, there is the critical presence of afferent output to the Vagus nerves as a direct result of eye muscle stretch or traction.

[30] Thus, tenth nerve stimulation resulting from eye muscle stretch is proposed as the cause of motion sickness.

The theory explains why labyrinthine-defective individuals are immune to motion sickness;[31][32] why symptoms emerge when undergoing various body-head accelerations; why combinations of voluntary and reflexive eye movements may challenge the proper operation of Sherrington's Law, and why many drugs that suppress eye movements also serve to suppress motion sickness symptoms.

[33] A recent theory [34] argues that the main reason motion sickness occurs is due to an imbalance in vestibular outputs favoring the semicircular canals (nauseogenic) vs. otolith organs (anti-nauseogenic).

For example, there are many sensory conflicts that are associated with motion sickness and many that are not, but those in which canal stimulation occurs in the absence of normal otolith function (e.g., in free fall) are the most provocative.

[3] Behavioral measures to decrease motion sickness include holding the head still and lying on the back.

[2] A head-worn, computer device with a transparent display can be used to mitigate the effects of motion sickness (and spatial disorientation) if visual indicators of the wearer's head position are shown.

[35] Such a device functions by providing the wearer with digital reference lines in their field of vision that indicate the horizon's position relative to the user's head.

[37][38] One promising looking treatment is to wear LCD shutter glasses that create a stroboscopic vision of 4 Hz with a dwell of 10 milliseconds.

[39] Three types of medications are sometimes prescribed to improve symptoms of motion sickness: antimuscarinics such as scopolamine, H1 antihistamines such as dimenhydrinate, and amphetamines such as dexamphetamine.

[41] Effective first generation antihistamines include doxylamine, diphenhydramine, promethazine, meclizine, cyclizine, and cinnarizine.

The rates of space motion sickness have been estimated at between forty and eighty percent of those who enter weightless orbit.

Several factors influence susceptibility to motion sickness, including sleep deprivation and the cubic footage allocated to each space traveler.