According to the "Senate clarifications" of the electoral law (January–February 1907), part of the workers and small landowners was excluded from the elections to the Duma.

On the initiative of Pyotr Stolypin, the question of changing the electoral legislation (July 8 and September 7, 1906) was discussed twice in the Council of Ministers, but government members came to the conclusion that such a step was not appropriate because it was associated with a violation of the Fundamental Laws and could lead to an aggravation of the revolutionary struggle.

This time, representatives of the entire party spectrum, including the extreme left, participated in the elections.

A solemn prayer service in honor of the opening of the Second State Duma and the first meeting took place on February 20, 1907.

Such a small percentage was explained by the fact that after the dissolution of the First Duma, 180 deputies signed the Vyborg Manifesto, for which they were deprived of voting rights and could not participate in the new elections.

The right cadet Fyodor Aleksandrovich Golovin elected from the Moscow Province became the chairman of the Duma.

During the consideration of questions, the cadets showed flexibility, calling for "taking care of the Duma" and not giving the government a reason for its dissolution.

On June 1, 1907, Pyotr Stolypin demanded the removal of 55 Social Democrats from participation in Duma meetings and depriving 16 of them of parliamentary immunity, accusing them of preparing for the "overthrow of the state system" and conspiracy against the royal family.

On the basis of this, Nicholas II, on June 3, 1907, announced the dissolution of the Second Duma and the amendment of the electoral law.