After the First Saudi–Rashidi War, the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa gained control of all the land south of the Qassim region in what is modern-day Saudi Arabia.

Kuwait declared neutrality but received British protection due to their established relations, supported by treaties such as the Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement of 1899.

Captain William Shakespear served as a military advisor to Ibn Saud, while the British established contact with the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa.

[citation needed] At the beginning of 1915, the Ottomans provided Jabal Shammar with 10,000 rifles and ammunition,[2] while Nejd received from the United Kingdom a monthly stipend of £5,000, which was increased during the war.

Therefore, in November 1916, Percy Cox arranged a meeting with Abdulaziz and Jabir Al Sabah in Basra to reconcile the hostility between the Sauds and the Ajman tribe.

Nejd explained that launching a military offensive at that time was not feasible due to the rugged and mountainous terrain of Jabal Shammar.

By September, they had almost reached Ha'il, but Nejd terminated the offensive in October due to Hejaz making peace with Jabal Shammar.

The British advised them to cease hostilities as they wished to avoid provoking Hejaz and preferred Jabal Shammar to remain as a counterbalance in the Middle East.