[1] Furthermore, a Loyalist army, led by General Pío Tristán, was advancing south with 3,000 troops into the northwest of Argentina, heading towards Jujuy.

Belgrano realized that he did not have enough strength to defend the city, and on 23 August he ordered the evacuation of all the civilian population to the interior of Tucumán Province, and the destruction of anything that could be of value to the royalists in a scorched earth retreat that was later known as the Jujuy Exodus.

[2] Manuel Belgrano stopped his retreat at San Miguel de Tucumán and prepared for battle against the weakened Royalist army.

[3] Belgrano and his Northern army now advanced into Upper Peru (present-day Bolivia), but were stopped by superior forces under command of Joaquín de la Pezuela, in the battles of Vilcapugio (1 october 1813) and Ayohuma (14 November 1813).

In January 1814, Manuel Belgrano was replaced by Colonel José de San Martín, arrested and prosecuted, but finally his merits were recognized and he was acquitted.