[11][15] Maduro was sworn in by Maikel Moreno, President of the Supreme Court, at 3:00pm;[16] he ignored calls from the Lima Group to hand over power to the National Assembly until another election could be held.

He also directly threatened Colombia, the United States, and Europe, telling the latter to "respect Venezuela […] or sooner rather than later you’ll pay the historical price".

[12] He also criticized his own party and political affiliation, saying that his plan for his second term was to "correct the mistakes of the Bolivarian Revolution", and that "corrupt chavistas" are actually his greatest threat.

[12] Maduro said that 94 countries were present at his inauguration,[16][20] but this count included the members of international organizations like the African Union and the Arab League.

The number of UN-recognized countries who sent representatives to the inauguration act was 16: Bolivia, Cuba, Nicaragua and El Salvador sent their presidents; Turkey and Suriname sent their vice presidents; Belarus, Saint Kitts and Nevis and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines sent their prime ministers; and Antigua and Barbuda, China, Dominica, Granada, Iran, Mexico and the SADR sent diplomatic representatives.

[28] Protests also took place in cities such as Barcelona, Bogotá, Buenos Aires, Lima, London, Madrid, Ottawa, Paris and Quito.

[29][30] Many nations and supranational bodies did not recognize Maduro as a legitimate President, including the Lima Group and the Organization of American States.

In response, Maduro said during his inauguration that the United States and Lima Group's lack of recognition was turning his ceremony into "a world war".

Mexico abstained from the group announcement, with new president Andrés Manuel López Obrador citing the non-intervention policies of his government.

[citation needed] David Smilde from the Washington Office on Latin America had said despite preemptive threats from the Lima Group, he didn't expect any of the member countries to actually remove embassies.

[12][39] Economically, Maduro's continued rule has led experts to estimate that Venezuela would experience at least 23 million percent inflation by the end of 2019.

[11] Students took part in one protest led by Rafaela Requesens and Guaidó's Popular Will party, blocking off a road and again calling Maduro a "usurper".

[40] In an official statement on the day of Maduro's inauguration, Guaidó announced a state of emergency,[41][42][43] emphasizing the need to recover control by uniting the people, foreign allies, and the military.