Seedbed

Often, it comprises not only the soil but also a specially prepared cold frame, hotbed or raised bed used to grow the seedlings in a controlled environment into larger young plants before transplanting them into a garden or field.

Large lumps and uneven surface would tend to make the planting depth random.

Many types of seedlings also need loose soil with minimal rocky content for best conditions to grow their roots.

Seedbed preparation in gardens often involves secondary tillage via hand tools such as rakes and hoes.

Rotary tillers provide a powered alternative that takes care of both primary and secondary tillage.