[7] At the age of 18, Kahlo suffered life-threatening injuries (from which she would never fully recover and would lead to lifelong physical pain) when the train she was riding hit a trolley.

During her extended period of convalescence, her parents gave her an easel and painting supplies as well as affixed a mirror to the ceiling above her bed so that she could see herself while lying on her back.

"[13] Early in her career, Kahlo was influenced by the painting of the Italian Renaissance and because of this, in Self-portrait in a Velvet Dress, "she is portrayed in an aristocratic, somewhat melancholic pose, her neck manneristically elongated in the style of Amedeo Modigliani.

[17] Scholars and critics have attempted to interpret Kahlo's expression in this early self-portrait, including suggesting, "Frida appears serene, her face a portrait of tranquil beauty.

[16] Self-portrait in a Velvet Dress was Kahlo's attempt to win back Alejandro's affection and when she finished the painting and sent it to him she included a note that read in part, "Within a few days the portrait will be in your house.