Seneca is an unincorporated community in Thomas County, Nebraska in the Great Plains region of the United States.

Construction was halted for the winter of 1887–88 in western Thomas County, and the town of Seneca was established at that point in January 1888.

[4][5] Seneca became a division point on the railroad, with a depot, rail yard, and roundhouse, employing over 70 people.

Between 1918 and 1923, the Potash Highway, running from Grand Island to Alliance, was constructed parallel to the Burlington's route; it ran through the center of Seneca.

The town boasted a number of retail businesses, including hotels, banks, a lumberyard, a railroad cafe, and an automobile dealership.

In the early 1940s, a re-alignment to reduce the number of railroad crossings shifted the highway to the south of Seneca.

The railroad moved its operations out of the town, eliminating jobs and causing the loss of population and the closing of additional businesses.

In May 2014, the residents voted 17–16 for disincorporation, and the village was dissolved by the Thomas County Board at the end of June 2014.

[8][9] According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.13 square miles (0.34 km2), all land.