A fellow is a title and form of address for distinguished, learned, or skilled individuals in academia, medicine, research, and industry.
In learned or professional societies, the term refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements.
Lastly, In large, R&D-intensive institutions, the term denotes a small number of senior scientists and engineers.
The title (senior) fellow can also be bestowed to an academic member of staff upon retirement who continues to be affiliated to a university in the United Kingdom.
and is currently in a 1 to 3 year subspecialty training program (e.g. cardiology, sleep medicine, pediatric nephrology, transplant surgery, etc.).
[citation needed] Research fellow may also refer to the recipient of academic financial grant or scholarship.
[5][6][7][8]) In the context of graduate school in the United States and Canada, a fellow is a recipient of a postgraduate fellowship.
[11] The MacArthur Fellows Program (aka "genius grant") as prestigious research fellowship awarded in the United States.
[citation needed] Distinguished old members of the college, or its benefactors and friends, might also be elected 'Honorary Fellow', normally for life; but beyond limited dining rights this is merely an honour.