Their debut appearance was a success, with the song "Lane moje" performed by Željko Joksimović finishing second.

Udruženje javnih radija i televizija (UJRT) was able to join the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) in 2001 after sanctions were lifted, thus eligible to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest then.

[1] Serbia and Montenegro debuted at the 2004 contest with the song "Lane moje" performed by Željko Joksimović, finishing first in the semi-final and second in the final.

[3][4][5] The following year, Serbia and Montenegro was represented by band No Name with the song "Zauvijek moja" and placed seventh in final.

After the Montenegrin referendum on independence and dissolution of the state union in June 2006, both countries sent separate entries to the Eurovision Song Contest 2007.