Sergey Koltakov was born in Barnaul, Altai Krai, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.

He made his debut in cinema in 1981 in Gleb Panfilov's Valentina in the role of Pavel.

Notoriety in cinema came three years later, after shooting Inna Tumanyan's Partners, when playing the role of a criminal Anatoly.

Among his works, his role in films Mirror for a Hero (directed by Vladimir Khotinenko),[3] The Art of Living in Odessa (Georgi Yungvald-Khilkevich), Armavir (Vadim Abdrashitov).

For his performance as Svidrigailov in the play Dreams of Rodion Romanovich in 2006 (814 Theatre Association of Oleg Menshikov) was nominated for the Seagull Theater Award.