Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ashraf al-Ḥusaynī al-Samarqandī (Persian: شمس الدین سمرقندی; c. 1250 – c. 1310) was a 13th century Persian astronomer and mathematician from Samarkand, now in Uzbekistan.
Little is known of al-Samarqandi's life, who composed his most important works during the 13th and 14th centuries.
His treatise, Risala fi adab al-bahth, is a discussion of dialectic reasoning as used by the ancient Greeks.
He wrote Synopsis of Astronomy, and produced a star catalogue for the year 1276–1277.
In his preparation of the work, al-Samarqandi consulted the works of other Muslim mathematicians such as Ibn al-Haytham, Omar Khayyam, Al-Abbās ibn Said al-Jawharī, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, and Athīr al-Dīn al-Abharī.