[2] Shri Krishna Sinha, the first chief minister of Bihar, was born in Maur village, which is now situated in Barbigha block of this district.

[3] It is believed that during the Mahabharata era, a demoness named Hiḍimbā lived in the hillocks of Sheikhpura's eastern stretch.

It is also believed that the Afghan ruler Sher Shah Suri had the notable Dal Kuan (well) constructed there.

[4][5] The Sheikhpura district occupies an area of 689 square kilometres (266 sq mi),[6] comparatively equivalent to the Solomon Islands' Kolombangara.

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Sheikhpura one of the country's 250 most-impoverished districts.