Due to its location on the Gaya–Kiul line, many trains coming from Gaya and other cities stops here.

Sheikhpura is well connected with nearby cities Gaya, Nawada, Bhagalpur, Howrah and Kiul through daily passenger and express train services.

A new branch line between Neora railway station and Sheikhpura railway station via Neora, Jatdumri, Daniyawan, Bihar Sharif, Sheikhpura is under construction in which Bihar Sharif–Daniyawan section was partially started in 2015.

Several years before the Grand Chord was built, a connection from the Howrah–Delhi main line to Gaya was developed in 1900 and the South Bihar Railway Company (operated by EIR) had laid a line from Lakhisarai to Gaya in 1879.

A special MEMU train was flagged on 22 October 2018 by State Railway Minister Mr Manoj Sinha.