Mar Shimun XVI Yohannan (also Shemon XVI Yohannan) was Patriarch of the Shem'on line (Qodshanis) of the Church of the East, from 1780.
In 1804, he became the sole Patriarch among traditionalist Christians of the East Syriac Rite, because the rival Patriarch Eliya XII (1778-1804) of the Eliya line died without successor.
The last patriarch of the senior line, Eliya XII, died in 1804 and was buried in the ancient Rabban Hormizd Monastery.
[4] His branch decided not to elect a new patriarch, thus ending that line, and eventually enabling the remaining patriarch Shimun XVI of the junior line to become the sole primate of the entire traditionalist community (modern Assyrian Church of the East).
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