Shmuel Rodensky (Hebrew: שמואל רודנסקי, 10 December 1902[a] – 18 July 1989)[5] was a Russian-born Israeli actor whose stage, film, and television career in Israel and West Germany spanned six decades.

In 1968 Rodensky traveled to Hamburg to join the German-language production of Fiddler on the Roof (titled Anatevka), playing the lead role of Tevye the Dairyman.

[1] He then traveled to Poland, entered Hamburg, Germany, on a forged Polish passport, and finally immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1924.

[7] At Habima, Rodensky performed a wide variety of dramatic roles,[2] including Iago in Othello and the cardinal in The Deputy.

[10][11] In 1985, The Three Shmuliks were part of the Israeli delegation of actors, writers, and public figures invited by the Polish government to the 35th-anniversary celebration of the Yiddish State Theater in Warsaw.

[10][12] With Segal and another Habima actor named Goldenberg, Rodensky was also a member of Die Kleine Mentshalach ("The Little People"), a Yiddish-language trio that performed dramatic readings of works by Sholem Aleichem.

[14] In 1965, Rodensky replaced Bomba Tzur in the role of Tevye the Dairyman in the second year of the Israeli production of the musical Fiddler on the Roof, staged at the Godik Theater.

[6] In 1968 Rodensky traveled to Hamburg to join the German-language production of Fiddler on the Roof, titled Anatevka, which premiered on February 1.

[27] Rodensky met his wife, stage actress Raya Nura Shein, when both were studying at the Eretz Israel Theatre.

[27] In 2001–2002 the Tel Aviv Municipality affixed a memorial plaque to Rodensky's home at 1 Rachel Street as part of its effort to honor artists and intellectuals who had resided in the city.