The women's 10 metre air pistol competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics was held on August 15 at the Markópoulo Olympic Shooting Centre near Athens, Greece.

In the qualifier, each shooter fired 40 shots with an air pistol at 10 metres distance.

The total score from all 50 shots was used to determine final ranking.

19-year-old Ukrainian shooter Olena Kostevych came from behind to outplay Serbia and Montenegro's five-time Olympian and a previous Olympic champion Jasna Šekarić in a one-shot tiebreaker 10.2 to 9.4 for the gold medal in air pistol shooting, as a result of their draw in a 10-shot final round for first place with a score of 483.3 points.

[1][2] Meanwhile, the bronze medal was awarded to Bulgaria's Mariya Grozdeva, who beat China's current world record holder Ren Jie in another shoot-off 10.4 to 9.8, after having been tied in the final at 482.3, just one point behind the two medalists.