The Women's 10 metre air pistol SH1 event at the 2016 Summer Paralympics took place on 9 September at the Olympic Shooting Centre in Rio.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final.

In the qualifier, each shooter fired 40 shots with an air rifle at 10 metres distance from the "standing" (interpreted to include seated in wheelchairs) position.

There, they fired an additional 10 shots.

The total score from all 50 shots were used to determine the final ranking.