Shuttle roller coaster

Inspired by the so-called "Russian Mountains," these wheeled cars built on tracks found popularity in the early 19th century in Paris.

[2] The first two roller coasters based on this new design were both released in 1978 - Montezooma's Revenge at Knott's Berry Farm and Greezed Lightnin' at Six Flags AstroWorld, currently in storage in Plainview, Texas for Cliff's Amusement Park in New Mexico.

Meisho's model used a catch car lift, which pulled the train to the top of a spike before dropping it backward through the station into a single vertical loop.

In 1980, Senyo Kogyo debuted "Atomic Coaster" at Mitsui Greenland,[5] and this model was also installed at other amusement parks in Japan.

Senyo's model used a chain lift, pulling the train onto a plateau and dropping it back downwards, similar to the Shuttle Loops built by Arrow.

In 1998, Intamin introduced its first impulse coaster, Linear Gale at Korakuen Amusement Park in Japan, which featured inverted trains traversing two vertical towers.

Manufactured by The Gravity Group, the ride utilizes a traditional lift hill like most wooden coasters but ends on a tower before traversing the course backwards and returning to the station via a switch track.

Vekoma introduced their Super Boomerang model in 2023, which utilizes a vertical lift and rotating platform to drop riders through four inversions and ten airtime moments.