Sidney Elmer Simpson (September 20, 1894 – October 26, 1958) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Illinois from 1943 to 1958.

During the First World War he served in the United States Army, with overseas service.

Simpson also served as member of the executive committee of the County Chairman's Association of Illinois, and as city treasurer of Carrollton for one term.

Simpson was elected as a Republican to the Seventy-eighth and to the seven succeeding Congresses and served from January 3, 1943, until his death.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress