He was the co-founder and co-editor of The Journal of Post Keynesian Economics (1978).
His views included criticism of monetarism and the neoclassical synthesis, and promotion of the tax-based incomes policy (TIP).
After a year at the London School of Economics in 1938–39, Weintraub received a Ph.D. from New York University in 1941, and worked at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York until 1943, when he was drafted into the U.S. Army.
In 1945 he joined the faculty of St. John's University in Brooklyn, New York.
In 1957 he was awarded a Ford Foundation fellowship to travel to Europe.