Near the site of the present-day city of Hlukhiv in Ukraine, the forces of the Polish King John II Casimir, numbering around 50,000–53,000 men, unsuccessfully besieged the Muscovite–Ukrainian Garrison of Hlukhiv and finally retreated under pressure from the Muscovite and Ukrainian Armies under the command of the Muscovite Prince Grigory Romodanovsky and the Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky.

The siege and the following retreat, during which the Crown Army and Crimean Tatars became the target of the Muscovite and Ukrainian attacks with around 45,000 men, proved to be one of the worst defeats in the whole course of war.

The Poles and Lithuanians with the Crimean Tatars entered the town, but blundered into an ambush and came under heavy artillery and musket fire of the Zaporozhian Cossacks.

The French Duke Antoine III de Gramont, who at that time was an officer in the Crown Army of the Polish King John II Casimir, reported that the small Muscovite–Ukrainian Garrison showed miraculous bravery and excellent artillery skills.

In the following years, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was afflicted with internal conflicts (Lubomirski's Rebellion) and active fighting on the Muscovite–Polish frontline came to an end.