The Vectron is a locomotive series made by Siemens Mobility, introduced at the 2010 InnoTrans trade fair in four prototype versions: diesel, multi-system, and both AC and DC electric power.

[3] The Vectron series is reconfigurable and modular, with a Bo'Bo' wheel arrangement, and is intended as the successor to the EuroSprinter family of locomotives.

[5][6][7] Around the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century Siemens successfully produced freight and passenger/universal versions of its EuroSprinter locomotive platform; initially made as single voltage machines for European state railways (Austria, Germany), later as multivoltage locomotives for cross border working; this design resulted in numerous orders from both state and private railways, as well as rail leasing companies, primarily in the European Union area.

Siemens identified the potential for further growth in the market, particularly in trans-Alpine freight (Northern Europe to Italy), railfreight from northern European ports into Europe and from Baltic ports into Russia, as well as the potential for growth in newer members of the European Union (Poland, Hungary etc.).

All electrical components are placed in predefined locations on either side of a central aisle connecting the two cabins with each mounting position being reserved for a single type of equipment.

The traction motors are flexibly supported by the bogie frame, and are connected to the wheelset mounted reduction gears by a multiple disc coupling.

[13] An electric locomotive design with 180 kW diesel engine for shunting operations was presented at the 2012 InnoTrans trade fair.

[15] AC, DC, multivoltage electric system and a diesel engined version were officially launched at the 2010 InnoTrans trade fair.

[29] The permanent authorizations for the MS and AC versions were granted in March 2015 for the Czech Republic[30] and in May 2015 for Slovakia.

[35] A Siemens press release on the occasion of 500 sold locomotives[36] revealed that homologations also exist for Bulgaria, Serbia and Switzerland.

[37] The diesel engined version Vectron DE is homologated for use in Germany since September 2014,[38] for use in Turkey since November 2014[26] and for use in Austria since August 2015.