Fourier sine and cosine series

In mathematics, particularly the field of calculus and Fourier analysis, the Fourier sine and cosine series are two mathematical series named after Joseph Fourier.

In this article, f denotes a real-valued function on

which is periodic with period 2L.

If f is an odd function with period

, then the Fourier Half Range sine series of f is defined to be

sin ⁡

which is just a form of complete Fourier series with the only difference that

are zero, and the series is defined for half of the interval.

In the formula we have

f ( x ) sin ⁡

{\displaystyle b_{n}={\frac {2}{L}}\int _{0}^{L}f(x)\sin \left({\frac {n\pi x}{L}}\right)\,dx,\quad n\in \mathbb {N} .}

If f is an even function with a period

, then the Fourier cosine series is defined to be

{\displaystyle a_{n}={\frac {2}{L}}\int _{0}^{L}f(x)\cos \left({\frac {n\pi x}{L}}\right)\,dx,\quad n\in \mathbb {N} _{0}.}

This notion can be generalized to functions which are not even or odd, but then the above formulas will look different.