Born Fitzroy Hamilton Niall Lloyd-Anstruther, he was the son of Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Hamilton Lloyd-Anstruther, Member of Parliament for Woodbridge, son of Colonel James Hamilton Lloyd-Anstruther, son of Brigadier-General Robert Anstruther, son of Sir Robert Anstruther, 3rd Baronet, of Wrae (see Anstruther baronets).

Later the same year he assumed for himself and issue the surnames of Gough-Calthorpe in addition to that of Anstruther, having married the Hon.

He was a Brigadier in the British Army and a member of the Hampshire County Council.

As of 2014, the title is held by his grandson, the third Baronet, who succeeded in 1985.

The heir apparent is the present holder's only son, Barnaby Charles Anstruther-Gough-Calthorpe (b.