Lieutenant-General Sir James Campbell, 1st Baronet GCH (25 May 1763 – 5 June 1819) was a British Army officer, politician and colonial administrator.

The eldest son of Sir James Campbell, of Killean, 2nd of Inverneill House, Heritable Usher of the White Rod for Scotland and Member of Parliament for the Stirling Burghs.

He was a nephew of his father's brother, General Sir Archibald Campbell, the Governor of Madras who purchased the Inverneill estate in 1773.

In 1787, he joined the 73rd (Perthshire) Regiment of Foot in India, as aide-de-camp to his uncle, General Sir Archibald Campbell, who served as the Governor of Madras until 1789.

In 1805, he was appointed adjutant general to the force destined for the Mediterranean under Sir James Henry Craig for the Anglo-Russian invasion of Naples.

Following the death of his father in 1805, he became the 10th Chief of Clan Tearlach and inherited the position of Heritable Usher of the White Rod for Scotland, selling the title to Sir Patrick Walker in 1806.

In 1794, he had married Agnes Margaret, the daughter of one of the most distinguished surgeons and scientists of his day, John Hunter, for whom the Hunterian Society of London is named.