[1] Smart antennas have many functions: DOA estimation, beamforming, interference nulling, and constant modulus preservation.
The weights of the FIR filter may also be changed adaptively, and used to provide optimal beamforming, in the sense that it reduces the Minimum Mean Square Error between the desired and actual beampattern formed.
Adaptive arrays allow the antenna to steer the beam to any direction of interest while simultaneously nulling interfering signals.
[3] In 2008, the United States NTIA began a major effort to assist consumers in the purchase of digital television converter boxes.
In 2017, the Israeli Aerospace Industries unveiled an adaptive array antenna called ADA, and stated that it is already operational and shall be fitted onto "major platforms" used by the Israel Defense Forces.