The positivism dispute between critical rationalism, e.g. between Karl Popper and the Frankfurt School,[2] dealt with the question of whether research in the social sciences should be "neutral" or consciously adopt a partisan view.
[3] Social criticism can be expressed in a fictional form, e.g. in a revolutionary novel like The Iron Heel (1908) by Jack London, in dystopian novels like Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (1932), George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 (1953), amd Rafael Grugman's Nontraditional Love (2008), or in children's books or films.
According to Frederick Douglass, "Where justice is denied, where poverty is enforced, where ignorance prevails, and where any one class is made to feel that society is an organized conspiracy to oppress, rob and degrade them, neither persons nor property will be safe.
Charles Dickens and Orwell respectively wroteA Tale of Two Cities and Animal Farm to express their disillusionment with society and human nature.
The Cradle Will Rock or Trouble in Tahiti) and other types of classical music, such as the Symphony No.13, called "Babi Yar", of Dmitri Shostakovich.
Heavy metal and industrial rock bands such as Black Sabbath, Metallica, Marilyn Manson, Nine Inch Nails and Megadeth also use social criticism extensively, particularly in their earlier works.