It was founded in September 1901, though the grouping met in 1900 at a convention in Chicago and supported Eugene V. Debs for president in 1900.
It was the successor to the Social Democratic Party of America.
44 party members held public office in that year, including one mayor, 18 aldermen and 2 members of the Illinois House of Representatives among others.
From 1904 to 1948, the SPIL placed its nominee for president on the Illinois ballot.
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